Garbage classification has always been an important issue in environmental protection, resource recycling and social livelihood. In order to improve the efficiency of front-end garbage collection, an automatic garbage classification system is proposed based on deep learning. Firstly, the overall system of the garbage bin is designed, including the hardware structure and the mobile app. Secondly, the proposed garbage classification algorithm is based on ResNet-34 algorithm, and its network structure is further optimized by three aspects, including the multi feature fusion of input images, the feature reuse of the residual unit, and the design of a new activation function. Finally, the superiority of the proposed classification algorithm is verified with the constructed garbage data. The classification accuracy of the proposed algorithm is enhanced by 1.01%. The experimental results show that the classification accuracy is as high as 99%, the classification cycle of the system is as quick as 0.95 s.