Description

Network lifetime is perhaps the most important metric for the evaluation of sensor networks.

Of course, in a resource-constrained environment, the consumption of every limited resource must be considered.

However, network lifetime as a measure for energy consumption occupies the exceptional position that it forms an upper bound for the utility of the sensor network.

Energy hole problem is raised by more nodes in networks to achieve energy balance, finally result in low energy efficiency and high cost of the networks.

Here traffic load, energy consumption and life time of all sensor nodes.