Description

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are used in many applications in military, ecological, and health-related areas. Recent advances in wireless sensor networks have led to many new protocols specifically designed for sensor networks where energy awareness is an essential consideration. Most of the attention, however, has been given to the routing protocols since they might differ depending on the application and network architecture. Increased interest in the potential use of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) in a wide range of applications and it has become a hot research area his clustering method requires the lifetimes of all sensor nodes in the CH selection procedure, and massive resources will be consumed by exchanging the status information in a distributed WSN. Every node becomes a CH candidate with a preset threshold T, which can be adjusted to control the proportion of candidates. Because only CH candidates participate in CH selection, other nodes staying awake in the working mode will inevitably consume energy and thus reduce the network lifetime. To guarantee network connectivity and reduce the energy consumption, a sleep scheduling algorithm is applied to some sensors, where nodes except CH candidates enter the sleeping mode.